The holder is attached to the end of a much larger tube of piezoelectric. There is one metal electrode down the center of the tube (not visible). There are then four electrodes spaced around the upper surfaces of the tube, and another running as a ring around its lower portion. Voltages will be applied selectively to the four electrodes to bend the tube in various directions and thereby move the cantilever tip across the sample. The ring electrode will then be used to raise and lower the cantilever (more on this later).
